Sunday 9 September 2018

Texte du site TAEC, traduit par GOOGLE

Nous sommes honorés de travailler avec le Dr Yukino Ochiai, ethnobotaniste et professeur à l’Université Ryukoku de Kyoto, en tant que commissaire invité pour cette exposition spéciale explorant l’importance de la nature pour la culture. Depuis plus de 15 ans, la Dre Ochiai concentre ses recherches sur les larmes de l’usine de graminées (Coix), ou mak dueay, amassant une collection inégalée d’objets représentant les graines de la plante. Cette exposition s’inspire des recherches sur le terrain du Dr Ochiai au Laos, en Thaïlande et au Myanmar pour montrer que les plantes sauvages et domestiquées des larmes de Job sont utilisées comme aliments, médicaments et perles par des groupes ethniques appartenant à différentes catégories linguistiques. En outre, cette exposition spéciale donne un aperçu des vêtements et des modes de vie changeants des minorités ethniques de la région, y compris les Akha, Chin, Karen, Jinghpaw et Palaung. En particulier, les perles de rocaille ont été utilisées pour la décoration de costumes dans des combinaisons belles et frappantes. Sur l’affichage sont des artefacts inhabituels, y compris une coiffe de menton qui utilise des piquants de porc-épic et de magnifiques colliers de 14 pays différents en Afrique, en Asie et en Amérique du Sud.

«En affichant tout le processus des plantes vivantes, des graines et des objets de cette exposition, j’espère partager une idée avec les visiteurs du TAEC; comment la culture matérielle est basée sur la diversité végétale et l’environnement ", a déclaré le Dr Ochiai.

Les visiteurs ont droit à une expérience visuellement époustouflante leur permettant d’explorer le rôle significatif de l’environnement dans la vie quotidienne des communautés ethniques rurales. En outre, avec l’ajout de coins de découverte, d’un vaste centre d’activités et d’un jardin ethnobotanique, le musée est parfait pour les enfants et les adultes.

Tara Gujadhur, co-directrice du TAEC, a déclaré: «Dans le passé, les groupes ethniques rassemblaient différents types de matériaux naturels provenant des forêts et des champs, notamment du coton, des colorants végétaux et les graines des larmes de Job. De nos jours, ces matériaux naturels sont remplacés par ceux des marchés, tels que les textiles fabriqués à la machine, les colorants chimiques et les fibres synthétiques. Ce n’est là qu’un indicateur des bouleversements que subissent ces communautés - la réinstallation des villages, la dépendance à l’égard d’une économie de marché et l’érosion des pratiques et coutumes culturelles. Nous sommes impatients de faire la lumière sur ces questions à travers cette exposition. "

Nous remercions le professeur William Klausner, la Fondation EXO, et Saffron Coffee pour leur généreux soutien à l’exposition.

In mid-term of the Buddhist Lent, at the time of the new moon, the biggest boat race takes place in the Nam Khan River, in the center of the town of Luang Prabang. It is a very popular event and many people from the countryside and all over the country take this opportunity to come in to town.

The day before, a large street market will be held from 6 am to 12 am, located on the site of the old stadium, providing products from Thailand for a period of one week.

These holidays, with that of Pimay and the end of Lent Buddhist, are the busiest of the year.

The 14th day of the waning moon of the ninth month of Buddhist calendar, all Laotians annually celebrate the feast of Ho Khao Padabdine, the "Day of the Dead". That day, the Buddhist make a donation to the death, in the form of food delivered to them symbolically through the monks ...

Ho Khao Padapdine means’’ to packets of rice and place them on the floor’’.

According to the precepts of Buddha, the Buddhist Lent is the good time to refrain from bad deeds. Buddhist should apply the Dharma: the respect of the five commandments of the Buddha, meditation and alms. It is also time to complete the agricultural work, as transplanting of paddy.

To celebrate the Boun Khao Padabdine Ho, the Buddhist are preparing offerings composed of Tomh Khao, Khao Nom Neb (cakes made with rice), fruits and other kind of foods that will be offered to monks . These religious activities are intended to honor the dead and the spirits.

The eve of the festival, families put their donations in a plastic container or trays. Part of the food offerings for the ancestors are placed in containers made of paper or banana leaves.

So in this moonless night, deep in the dark (between three and four in the morning), faithful deposit salty food, fruit and cakes, betel quids and cigarettes at the foot of stupas containing the ashes of the dead, or under the trees... During the night time, the dead are allowed to come collect these donations.

The feast day, at dawn, the sound of drums from pagodas diffuses through the streets of towns and villages. It announces the gathering of the faithful for the ceremony of offerings to the pagoda in their neighborhood. The villagers bringing gifts. At the entrance, you can see some devotees make offerings to victims of violent death and the dead who have no family to come to honor them ... All who died a violent death can not be met in the temple, and in this case, their parents and relatives must honor them by hanging offerings on poles or on the closing of the pagoda ...

The Buddhist belief on reincarnation, but all do not suffer the same fate. If the deceased had a good behavior throughout his life, he will attain Nirvana; if he has committed many sins, he is condemned to stay in hell where he will be reincarnated in the body of a animal to atone for his sins.

The dead who go to hell will suffer many sufferings and be deprived of food and clothing.

After death, Nirvana and Hell are places where the faithful are called to be reborn. Lao Buddhists also believe that the dead can come back from hell, and that fifteen days per year. Thus, the 14th day of the waning moon of the ninth month on the 15th day of the waxing moon of the 10th calendar month Lao (this year from 20 August to 4 September), Chia Nhomphibane, the king of hell, tortured authorizes to return to the human world to receive the offerings of their offspring during the Christmas Ho Ho Khao and Khao Salak Padabdine.

If the dead returning to earth don’t find any offering, they cry and throw curses on people who didn’t give respect and attention.

From an article of KPL, Lao News Agency, translated by Google

The day of the new moon is called "Van Sin Ngiae 1 kham". It’s a holiday, especially for all manual workers and those whose job can disturb by noise. These days we will avoid visiting villages working in handicraft, if we want to observe or participate in their activities.

On that day, more locals will join the Morning Alms.

Before participating, we recommend to read the Rules to respect for this unique cultural/religious tradition.

Notice that Buddhist holidays often coincide with Buddhist festivals and animist festivals.